A Synoptic Outline of This Book
Introduction
Part I: Historical and Doctrinal Background
Chapter 1: The Authorship of the Ratnagotravibhäga and Its Transmission in India from the 5th to the 10th Century
- Basic Textual Materials and Structure of the Ratnagotravibhäga
- The Authorship of the Ratnagotravibhäga
- The Earliest Witness of the Authorship
- The Earliest Witness Ascribing Authorship to Maitreya
- Authorship in Indian Tradition from the 11th Century Onward
- Studies by Modern Scholars
- Positive Descriptions on the Ultimate and Their Aim in the Ratnagotravibhäga
- Doctrinal Developments within the Ratnagotravibhäga
- The 5th and 6th Centuries: An Approach to the Yogäcära Doctrine
- The *Mahäyänadharmadhätunirvisesa
- The *Anuttaräsrayasütra
- The *Buddhadhätus'ästra
- The Doctrines of Buddha-nature and Yogäcära
- The Single Vehicle vs. the Three Vehicles
- Paramärtha’s Translations 37
- The Late 6th to the 10th Centuries: the Ratnagotravibhäga Disappears from View
- Mädhyamikas’ Integration of the Buddha-nature Doctrine
- A Summary and Further Considerations
Chapter 2: The Resurrection of the Ratnagotravibhäga in India in the Early n'h Century: Maitripa and Jnänasrimitra
- Maitripa
- Jnänasrimitra
- Quotations from the Ratnagotravibhäga in the Säkärasiddhis'ästra 55
- Summary of Säkärasiddhisästra passages (i)-(8) 67
- A Summary and Further Considerations 69
Chapter 3: Ratnäkarasänti’s Understanding of Buddha-nature 71
- Ratnäkarasänti 71
- Buddha-nature 74
- Yänatraya 78
- The Ekayäna Doctrine Found in Two Works Attributed to Ratnäkarasänti: the Sütrasamuccayabhäsya and Triyänavyavasthäna jq
- The Säratama s and Kusumänjali’s Interpretations ofAbhisamayälamkära I.39 8°
- The Sütrasamuccayabhäsyds Interpretation of Abhisamayälamkära I.39 82
- The Authorship of the Sütrasamuccayabhäsya and Triyänavyavasthäna 85
- References to the Ratnagotravibhäga Found in the Sütrasamuccayabhäsya 87
- A Summary and Further Considerations 95
Chapter 4: The Transmission of the Ratnagotravibhäga in East India from the 11th to 13th Century:From Prajnäkaramati to Vibhüticandra 97
- Prajnäkaramati 97
- Atisa 98
- Yamâri 101
- Vairocanaraksita 103
- Rämapäla 105
- Sahajavajra 108
- Abhayäkaragupta 108
- Zhi ba ’byung gnas 124
- Dasabalasrimitra 126
- Ratnaraksita 127
- Vibhüticandra 130
- A Summary and Further Considerations 132
Chapter 5: The Kashmiri Tradition of the Ratnagotravibhäga Exegesis in the 11th and 12th Centuries: Sajjana and his Circle 135
- Sajjana 135
- Mahäjana 139 Amrtäkara 144
- Jayänanda 148
- A Summary and Further Considerations 152
Chapter 6: Six Tibetan Translations of the Ratnagotravibhäga 155
- The Translation by Atisa and Nag-tsho 156
- The Translation by rNgog and Sajjana 163 The Translation by Pa-tshab 167
- The Translation by Mar-pa Do-pa Chos-kyi-dbang-phyug 171
- The Translation by Jo-nang Lo-tsä-ba Blo-gros-dpal 172
- The Translation by Yar-klungs Lo-tsä-ba 176
- How Did Tibetans study the SanskritText ofthe Ratnagotravibhäga? —TibetanRemarksFoundinaRatnagotravibhägaSanskritManuscript 177
- A Summary and Further Considerations 178
Conclusion to Chapters 1-6 181
Part II: rNgog Blo-ldan-shes-rab and His Doctrinal Position 189
Chapter 7: The Life and Works of rNgog Blo-ldan-shes-rab 191
- A Translation of Las-chen Kun-dga’-rgyal-mtshan’s Sketch of rNgog’s Life 193
- The Tibetan Text: Las-chen Kun-dga’-rgyal-mtshan, bKa gdams chos 'byung 197
- Other Episodes 198
- Works 202
- A List of rNgog’s Writings 202
- The Spread of the Teaching of the gSang phu Tradition in Mi nyag and rNgog’s Letter Addressed to a Community in Tsong kha 208
- The Composition of rNgog’s Concise Guide to the Ratnagotravibhdga 210
Chapter 8: rNgog’s Doctrinal Positions in Relation to Sajjana’s and His Commentarial Style 211
- Problems Associated with the Buddha-nature Doctrine of the Ratnagotravibhdga 212
- Sajjana’s Doctrinal Position 215
- Textual Materials relating to Sajjana’s Mahayanottaratantrasdstropadesa 217
- Previous Studies ofthe Mahayänottaratantrasästropadesa 218
- A Structural Analysis of the Mahäyänottaratantrasästropadesa 219
- An Outline of the Mahdyänottaratantrasästropadesa 221
- Sajjana’s Soteriological Schemas on the Ratnagotravibhdga 226
- rNgog’s Doctrinal Position 228
- rNgog’s Commentarial Style 233
- The Commentarial Style and Techniques Characteristic of rNgog’s Concise Guides 234
- An Evaluation of rNgog’s Commentarial Style within the Wider History ofTibetan Buddhism 238
- A Summary and Further Considerations 239
Chapter 9: rNgog’s rGyud bla ma’i don bsduspa as a Reflection of His Own Doctrinal Position 241 Previous Studies 241
- A Description of Materials relating to the rGyud bla ma’i don bsdus pa 243
- The dbu med Handwritten Manuscript 243
- Other Extant Handwritten Manuscripts 244
- The Block Print 245
- Phywa-pa’s Ratnagotravibhdga Commentary 246
- Works Quoted in the rGyudbla mai don bsduspa 247
- rNgog’s Structural Analysis of the Contents of the Ratnagotravibhdga 248
- An Evaluation ofthe Ratnagotravibhdgaamong Maitreya’sCorpusofFiveTreatises 249
- The Seven vajrapadas and the Soteriological Models of the Ratnagotravibhdga 251
- The Ratnagotravibhdga s Presentation of Its Main Topic 252
- The Cycle of apratisthitanirvdna 255
- The Cycle of the Three Jewels 256
- The Indirect Cause 256
- The Direct Cause 258
- Eight Qualities of the Jewel of the Sangha 260
- rNgog’s Position on the Buddha-nature Doctrine 261
- The Three Aspects of Buddha-nature: dharmakäya, tathatä, gotra 262
- Buddha-nature/Emptiness as a Cause 266 Buddha-nature and the Älayavijnäna 268
- The Ontological Status of the Buddha-qualities: An Interpretation of RGV I.154- 155 270
- The Relation between the Doctrines of Emptiness and the Buddha-nature Doctrine: An Interpretation of RGV 1.156-167 273
- A Summary and Further Considerations 274
Conclusion to Chapters 7-9 277
Part III: rNgog’s Impact on Later Developments 283
Chapter 10: rNgog’s Impact on Doctrinal Developments from the 11th to the Early 14th Century 285 An Overview of Later Tibetan Scholars’ Reactions to rNgog’s Position 285 Details of Later Reactions 291 Gro-lung-pa Blo-gros-’byung-gnas 291 Gro-lung-pa’s Writings 291 Gro-lung-pa on the Ultimate Truth 292 Gro-lung-pa on the Three Aspects of Buddha-nature 293 Gro-lung pa on the Gotra 294 Phywa-pa Chos-kyi-seng-ge 296 Phywa-pa’s Writings 296 Phywa-pa’s Ratnagotravibhäga Commentaries 298 Phywa-pa’s Positions That Accord with rNgog’s 299 Phywa-pa’s Positions That Develop rNgog’s Further 300 The Älayavijnäna 300 MistakenViewson EmptinessandYogäcära 301 Buddha-nature and Emptiness 302 A Definition of the Two Kinds of Gotra 303 On the Ultimate Truth 308 Sa-skya Pandita Kun-dga’-rgyal-mtshan 309 bCom-ldan-ral-gri 311 bCom-ldan-ral-gri as a gZhan stong Forerunner 311 bCom-ldan-ral-gri’s Position as Reflected in His RGV Commentary 314 bCom-ldan-ral-gri’s Refutation of the *Amalavijnâna 316 bCom-ldan-ral-gri on RGV V.19 319 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med 320
W ho is Blo-gros-mtshungs-med? 320 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on the Five Treatises ofMaitreya 324 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on the Vajrapadas 325 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on the Worship of Srâvakas 325 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on RGV 1.28 327 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med’s Own Position on Buddha-nature 329 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on the Gotra 334 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med on the Nine Similes of Buddha-nature 335 Blo-gros-mtshungs-med’s Contributions 335 Bu-ston Rin-chen-grub 336 sGra-tshad-pa Rin-chen-rnam-rgyal 338 A Summary and Further Considerations 340 Chapter 11: rNgog’s Impact on Doctrinal Developments from the Late 14th to the 16th Century 345 Rong-ston Shäkya-rgyal-mtshan 345 rGyal-tshab Dar-ma-rin-chen 349 rGyal-tshab on RGV I.27 349 rGyal-tshab on the Seven Vajrapadas 351 rGyal-tshab on Verse V.19 352 rGyal-tshab on the Alayavijnâna 352 ’Gos Lo-tsä-ba gZhon-nu-dpal 352 gZhon-nu-dpal on the Two Cycles 354 gZhon-nu-dpal on the Eight Qualities of the Jewel of the Saiigha 355 gZhon-nu-dpal on RGV I.27 and 28 355 gZhon-nu-dpal on the Ten Buddha-nature Topics 357 gZhon-nu-dpal on RGV I.130 358 gZhon-nu-dpal on the Postscript to the First Chapter of the RGV 359 gZhon-nu-dpal on RGV V.19 359 gSer-mdog Pan-chen Shäkya-mchog-ldan 360 Shäkya-mchog-ldan’s Classification of Various Positions 361 A Sketch of Shäkya-mchog-ldan’s Position 363 Shäkya-mchog-ldan on the Seven Vajrapadas 364 Shäkya-mchog-ldan on RGV 1.27 and 28 365 Shäkya-mchog-ldan on Non-affirming Negation 368 Shäkya-mchog-ldan on the Two Truths 369 Shäkya-mchog-ldan’s Mus rabs ’byamspa’i dris lan 370 Pan-chen bSod-nams-grags-pa 372 bSod-nams-grags-pa on the Seven Vajrapadas 373 bSod-nams-grags-pa on the Jewel of the Saiigha 373 bSod-nams-grags-pa on RGV 1.27 374
- A Summary and Further Considerations 375
Conclusion to Chapters 10 and 11 379
Final Considerations: Resituating rNgog’s Position within a Wider Context 385
- rNgog’s Struggle to Do Away with the Ontological Aspect of the Buddha-nature Doc¬ trine 392
Appendices 393
- Appendix A: A Topical Outline of the rGyud bla ma'i don bsduspa 395
- Appendix B: A List of Commentaries on the Ratnagotmvibhaga 405
Abbreviations 415
Bibliographies 417
- Primary Sources by Indie Authors 417
- Primary Sources by Tibetan Authors 423
- Secondary Sources 432
Indices 461
- Indie Personal Names 462
- Tibetan Personal Names 464
- Indie Work Tides 469
- TibetanWorkTides 476
- Chinese Personal Names and Work Tides 478
- Toponyms 479 General Index 480